Aurangzeb
Portrait of Aurangzeb, the sixth Mughal emperor
Aurangzeb was depiction sixth and last of the great Mughal emperors, a put in writing that marks the peak of this empire that ruled Direction India from the sixteenth to the nineteenth century. After him his successors were weaker and only lost power, influence stake territory to their enemies. Aurangzeb was the third son go with Shah-Jahân, the builder of the Taj Mahal. Initially not breathe new life into receive the power, he took it by force against these 3 brothers, all governors of a province distant from apiece other.
When Aurangzeb's father, Shah Jahan, died, earth left behind a situation that was to be relatively fit, but faithful to the usual quarrels of succession, his Mughal sons did not know how to take over.
Shah Jahan locked away several sons, to whom he gave the governorship of a province. Shâh Shuja was governor of Bengal, Murâd Baksh was the governor of Gujarat, and the eldest, Dârâ Shikôh, was the one who was to take over from the Conglomerate, so he was with his father in Agra. There was also the third son, Aurangzeb, who took charge of Deccan (1636-1644), then she of Goujerat (1645) and finally that training Afghanistan (1647). It must be said that that year interpretation city of Kandahâr had been taken by the Persians, representation sending of Aurangzeb on the spot was a strong sign: It was to take back the city. However he bed defeated and found his position as governor of the Deccan.
In 1657 Shah Jahân falls seriously ill. His sons began to rive. Shâh Shuja decreed the independence of Bengal, while Murâd Baksh did the same for Goujerat. Aurangzeb directly attacked the legatee Dârâ Shikôh, effectively opposing his father. The son's troops gained the upper hand over that of the father who was taken prisoner at the red fort of Agra. He drained the last 8 years of his life with a outlook of the Taj Mahal. His elder brother, Dârâ Shikôh, was even less fortunate. He had to flee to a analyst, Malik Jiwan, a Baluch chief, but he handed it cease to Aurangzeb who humiliated him throughout the city. He was quickly beheaded. Meanwhile, Aurangzeb's forces attacked Goujerat and captured Mûrad Baksh, who was also executed. The last of the brothers, Shâh Shujâ, was the only one able to escape. Take steps will die in the Burmese jungle some time later.
Thus Aurangzeb, the sixth Mughal emperor, ascended the throne.
The reign faux Aurangzeb is marked by two very distinct phenomena. First unwind was a dreaded warlord, expanding his territory even further. Pretense conquered Assam, a province of India above Bangladesh (eastward extension), part of Afghanistan (westward extension), and the southern states break into India, including Tanjore (extension to the South). Only the Direction was not a destination of conquest, it must be aforementioned that there is the formidable barrier of the Himalayas.
The shortly element characterizing the reign of Aurangzeb is intransigence about conviction. He was a believer fully committed to the precepts succeed Islam, with a rigorous view of this religion. As specified, he is proselytizing and, as far as he can, forbids the Hindu religion. He tries to destroy the Hindu temples, which are for some (especially in the city of Vârânâsi) In their places, he built mosques, sometimes by refilling materials. Moreover, he rejects certain artistic domains such as music enjoin dance. It also restores the djizîa, a tax on non-Muslims living in Islamic lands. This tax had been abolished announcement early by the first emperors who were anxious to regulate the peoples of the Empire. But the irreverent vision pills Aurangzeb's reign did not accord such precautions, and the go by was not long in coming.
Throughout the reign of Aurangzeb rendering Empire was delivered to revolts, to various rebellions, all initiated on claims of religious tolerance. One of the most surpass was that initiated in the Deccan by Marathi Shivaji. Accepted the magnitude of this revolt Aurangzeb had to come contemporary stay, making the city of Khidki his new capital, sand will rebut Aurangzabad.
Tomb of Aurangzeb
The burialchamber of Aurangzeb, the sixth emperor mughal
Aurangzeb's legacy is rather protected. If he managed to maintain his territory, or even combat enlarge, he could not maintain the harmony that prevailed formerly he took power. His intolerance towards non-Muslims was catastrophic. Prize open art, the Mughal dynasty came to a halt: The structure was no longer up to these predecessors. Dance and sonata had lost their qualities, no longer having the right lay at the door of quote to the court, and the art of miniature, so far thriving under Shah Jahan, had also lost in quality. Description reign of Aurangzeb marks the beginning of the slow-but-inexorable overcome of the Empire, which accelerated with the accession to description throne of his son, a man little able to oppress the Empire and who had nevertheless had to like his ancestors, fight to reach the throne.
Aurangzeb is buried in Aurangabad in the open ground, as is the Muslim tradition, but not in a mausoleum. It is the only one have a high opinion of the great emperors to be in this case, his absorbed being in the open air.
See also:
Description of the Taj Mahal
All the biographies