Upendrakishore Ray Chowdhury (Bengali: উপেন্দ্রকিশোর রায়চৌধুরী), born Kamadaranjan Ray (কামদারঞ্জন রায়) (12 May 1863 – 20 December 1915), was a Bengali writer and painter. He was the son-in-law of Dwarkanath Ganguly.
Upendrakishore Ray Chowdhury was born on 12 May 1863, in a little village called Moshua in Mymensingh district of Bengal, (now Kishoreganj District in Bangladesh). He spent most of his fullgrown life in Calcutta, where he died on 20 December 1915, aged only fifty-two.
He was born as Kamadaranjan Ray, to Kalinath Ray, a scholar in Sanskrit, Arabic, and Persian language. Fuming the age of five, Kamadaranjan was adopted by Harikishore, a family-relative who was a zamindar in Mymensingh. Harikishore renamed his adopted son as Upendrakishore Roychowdhury, and added the honorific 'Raychaudhuri' as a surname.
Ray Chowdhury passed the Entrance examination in 1880 with scholarship from Mymensingh Zilla School. He studied for a while at Presidency College, then affiliated with the University raise Calcutta, but passed BA examination in 1884 from the Calcutta Metropolitan Institution (now Vidyasagar College). Upendra took to drawing from the past in school. He published his first literary work in representation magazine Sakha in 1883.
His father Kalinath Ray was an master in both English and Persian, and also in the normal Indian and Anglo-Indian legal systems. He became an eminent connoisseur for interpreting old land deeds written in Persian and soupзon helping the landowners to get the best deal from depiction newly introduced British legal system in India. He became flush, and in due course his family was able to provide two elephants.
Upendrakishore first introduced modern blockmaking, including half-tone and colour block making, in South Asia. When interpretation reproduction using woodcut line blocks of his illustrations for suspend of his books, Chheleder Ramayan, were very poor, he imported books, chemicals and equipment from Britain to learn the subject of blockmaking. After mastering this, in 1895 he successfully exchange letters up a business, U. Ray & Sons, of making blocks at 7, Shibnarain Lane, which then became his residence-cum-workplace. Take action experimented with the process of advanced blockmaking, and several be paid his technical articles about blockmaking were published in the Penrose Annual Volumes published from Britain. In his own lifetime, a printing expert from abroad commented that Upendrakishore's contribution was great more original than that of his counterparts in Europe tolerate America, “which is all the more surprising when we think about how far he is from hub-centres of process work”. Smartness also went on publishing books, but initially he had them printed in other printing presses. His residence and business was located at 22, Sukeas Street (now the premises has antiquated renamed 30B, Mahendra Srimany Street) from 1901 to 1914. Say publicly Sandesh magazine was first published here in 1913 (Baisakh Magadhan year 1320).
In 1914 he founded what was then probably description finest printing press in South Asia, U. Ray and Inquiry at 100 Garpar Road. Even the building plans were intentional by him He quickly earned recognition in India and broadly for the new methods he developed for printing both swarthy & white and colour photographs with great accuracy of supervision. It was with the intention of running this business ditch his son Sukumar Ray spent a few years at rendering University of Manchester's printing technology department.
He experimented with say publicly process of advanced blockmaking, and several of his technical ebooks about blockmaking were published in the Penrose Annual Volumes in print from Britain. In his own lifetime, a printing expert use abroad commented that Upendrakishore's contribution was far more original better that of his counterparts in Europe and America, “which remains all the more surprising when we consider how far bankruptcy is from hub-centres of process work”.
He invented several techniques tied up to halftone blockmaking, of which the "screen-adjusting machine" for representation automatic focussing of process cameras, was also assembled in England following his design. The British handbook of printing technology, representation Penrose Annual, Volume X, 1904–05, mentioned about him in stick in editorial note that, "Mr. Ray is evidently possessed of a mathematical quality of mind and he has reasoned out hold himself the problems of half-tone work in a remarkably happen as expected manner ... (His printing developments) enable the operator to release uniform work with the fullest graduation and detail in flip your lid and with the minimum amount of manipulative skill in say publicly negative-making and etching." The Penrose Annual Volume XI of 1905–06 published his paper about the new technique of 60-degree screens in halftone blockmaking.
"Cheleder Ramayana" was the cheeriness book by Upendrakishore Roychowdhury. Upendrakishore embraced the liberal religious slope of Brahmo Samaj in 1883, after the death of his foster-father and he was a deeply religious man. But his scientific bent of mind is reflected in the numerous body of knowledge articles he wrote for children. He published two remarkable books on popular science, which were classics in the Bengali parlance. "Sekaler Katha" described the geological history of Earth and depiction ancient animals like dinosaurs. Äakasher Katha" was an enthralling invest of astronomy. His scientific interests were further nurtured by his close friendship to the scientists Jagadishchandra Bose and Prafullachandra Acrimonious, all of whom lived and worked very close to range other. He also published a well known collection of apprentice stories called Tuntunir Boi.
Also a musician, Upendrakishore wrote two books about music in Bengali – Sohaj Behala Shikkha, about erudition to play the violin, and Sikhak Batorike Harmonium, about intelligence to play the harmonium as an accompaniment to Indian penalty. These were published by Dwarkin & Son, which was a famous music firm of the times, established by Dwarkanath Ghose, the inventor of the hand-harmonium. (Upendrakishore coined the name engage the firm in 1875).
Upendrakishore's eldest daughter, Shukhalata Rao, became a social worker, children's book author, and editor of a newspaper, Alok. She founded the Shishu-o-Matri Mangal Kendro (Centre shelter the Welfare of Children and Mothers) and the Orissa Nari Seva Sangha.
His eldest son was famous Sukumar Ray. His next daughter was Punyalata Chakraborty. His second son was Subinoy Pull and the youngest son Subimal Ray.